Works of the Faculty of Forestry University of Sarajevo

New finding of Lesser butterfly orchid (Platanthera bifolia (L.) L. C. Rich.) in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Anis Hasanbegović — 2024-12-22

The Lesser butterfly orchid is a rare species of our forests. By conducting two years of field research (2021-2023) on the flora around Sarajevo, a number of populations of this species were found at the Donji Miševići locality. The species was found in the former oak-hornbeam forest, where scotch pine had been planted. All available geological, pedological and ecological parameters were provided. The altitude was measured by GPS device “MagelaneXplorist 500“. The slope of the terrain was determined by a clinometer from the “Recta DP 6 GLOBAL“ compass. It was also noted that there is no herbarized specimen in the “Herbarium of the National Museum of Bosnia and Herzegovina (SARA)“, so the part of the material will be herbarized and stored at the same Herbarium.

Study of Antioxidative and Antibacterial Activity of Extracts of Plant Species Lysimachia vulgaris L. and Lythrum salicaria L.

Lejla Mekić — 2024-12-22

Two highly invasive plant species, Lysimachia vulgaris and Lythrum salicaria are well-known for its anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, and antidiaroic activity. These plants are most widespread on the territory of Euroasia, where their traditional medicinal use has been reported. Due to their invasiveness, they are undesirable plants in other parts of the world. Till this day, many studies were conducted regarding the biological and pharmacological activity of L. salicaria. In this study, the polyphenol content of plant extracts was examined using the Folin-Ciocalteou method. Antioxidant activity of selected plant species was also determined, using DPPH and FRAP methods. Extracts of different polarities were prepared using methanol, water, and acetone. Extraction was performed by maceration and ultrasonic extraction. The results of the study show that both plant species possess antioxidant activity. Lythrum salicaria extracts show a significant polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity, with results notably higher than the results of studies conducted so far. The different antioxidant activity of the prepared extracts confirms the influence of solvents and extraction methods on the utilization of the antioxidant potential of plants. Additionally, for the aqueous extracts prepared by ultrasonic extraction method, an in vitro study of antibacterial activity was conducted. Both plant species show antibacterial activity, with an emphasis on the very strong antibacterial activity of L. salicaria extracts against selected bacterial strains.

Dimensions of constructive elements of forest roads

Vladimir Petković — 2024-12-22

Forest roads must be maintained in a condition that allows them to handle traffic loads at any given time, which is only achievable if their dimensions remain within the prescribed limits. The dimensions of the elements of the plan, profile, and cross-section of forest roads depend on factors such as soil type in a constructive context, the category of the forest road, and the type of vehicles that will use these roads. In this study, a forest road constructed on soil types IV, V, and VI was examined, and its dimensions were determined. The share of soil type in constructive sense is 63% of V category, 34% of IV category and 3% of IV category. The average width of the roadway is 6.11 m, with an upgrade of approximately 3% and a downgrade of 6.5%. The cross slope of the roadway is 3.1%, while the slope of the cut areas is 120% (1.2:1), and the slope of the fill areas is 86% (0.86:1). It was concluded that the forest road is in a condition capable of accommodating traffic load. However, attention should be given to the wider roadway width and the lower slopes of the cut and fill areas, as these may require adjustments to ensure efficiency and safety.

Influence of the Ratio of Water and Organic Solvents on the Antioxidative Activity and Content of Bioactive Components in Artemisia annua L. and Artemisia absinthium L. Extracts

Emir Horozić — 2024-12-22

Bitter and sweet wormwoods are traditional plant species in the Asteraceae (Compositae). Their use in traditional medicine has long been known. Numerous preparations of bitter and sweet wormwood (teas, tinctures) are used in the treatment of diseases of the digestive system. The content of bioactive components (polyphenols and flavonoids) and antioxidant activity of Artemisia absinthium L. (bitter wormwood) and Artemisia annua L. (sweet wormwood) were examined in this paper. Extract's series were prepared by mixing selected organic solvents (methanol, ethanol and acetone) and water in different volume ratios for both analyzed species. Antioxidant activity was tested using FRAP and DPPH methods. Extracts of sweet wormwood contain more bioactive components and have a higher antioxidant capacity compared to extracts of bitter wormwood. In terms of extraction efficiency, the mixture of acetone and water (20:30 v/v) proved to be the most efficient. Regarding pure organic solvents, the most effective for the bioactive components isolation is ethanol, while acetone showed the weakest extraction power.

Predictive distribution modelling of newly described endemic Dinaric species Cirsium greimleri Bureš

Ajla Berberović — 2024-12-22

Cirsium (thistle) is one of the most taxonomically demanding genera within the Compositae. These taxonomic difficulties are hypothesized to result from limited morphological differentiation, incipient speciation and/or hybridization among taxa, and misinterpretations of faded and incomplete herbarium specimens. According to the latest data, the Dinarides and the Eastern Alps are inhabited by the endemic, diploid, newly described species Cirsium greimleri, which often occurs in sympatry with C. rivulare and C. erisithales. The area of the related, vicarious, tetraploid, and endemic species C. waldsteinii is limited to the southeastern Carpathians. Considering that the new knowledge refutes the existence of C. waldsteinii in Bosnia and Herzegovina, it was necessary to review all C. waldsteinii data discovered so far in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The results obtained from the distribution of the species, the predictive modelling of its ecological niche, and the analysis of the genome size confirmed the existence of the species C. greimleri in Bosnia and Herzegovina and its potential hybridization. This study indicates the need for further research into the sympatry of C. greimleri and its relatives, as well as the essential taxonomic revision of this complex.