Radovi Šumarskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Sarajevu

Rod Abies Mill. (Pinaceae) kao izvor biljnih antimikrobnih supstanci: Pregled

Irma Mahmutović-Dizdarević, Belma Žujo — Wed, 30 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the major global health problems and it’s related to the enormous number of human deaths. The occurrence and severity of infections caused by microbial pathogens illustrate the need for the identification and characterization of novel antimicrobial agents of natural origin. This review discusses a well-known coniferous genus Abies Mill. in terms of antimicrobial potential. Data regarding the antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties of Abies species were collected and summarized in this review. It was found that 13 different Abies species are recognized as potential sources of antimicrobial compounds. The most investigated species was A. spectabilis (syn. A. webbiana), followed by A. alba, A. cilicica, A. sibirica, A. nordmanniana, A. numidica, A. koreana, A. balsamea, A. holophylla, and A. concolor. Individual studies on A. firma, A. beshanzuensis, and A. cephalonica were also taken into account. The largest number of analyzed results were related to the antibacterial activity of Abies-derived products, but studies on antifungal, and particularly antiviral capacity were also noted. The most investigated products were essential oils and extracts. The broadest antimicrobial activity was observed for A. cilicica. This study noted that some endemic and endangered Abies species were being used for antimicrobial purposes. In that term, the rationalization of the sampling practices and the implementation of the conservation activities are of great importance. This review represents a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on the antimicrobial potential of the genus Abies.

Dendrometrijske karakteristike planinskog javora (Acer heldreichii. Orph.) u istočnom dijelu Bosne i Hercegovine

Siniša Cincar, Aleksandar Tepavac, Boško Pajić, Amina Karišik — Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Balkan maple spreads throughout the entire Balkan Peninsula from Greece in the south, Bulgaria, North Macedonia, Albania, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, all the way to the northernmost deposit in Serbia on Mount Rudnik, and the northernmost deposit in Bosnia and Herzegovina on the slopes of Mount Trebević. This study presents the results of dendrometric characteristics of Balkan maple at the Trebević, Jahorina, and Tvičijak sites near Rogatica. The analysis included a total of 75 trees, where all the trees of the Balkan maple were found and marked by examining the three mentioned research sites. Populations of Balkan maple were found on the north and northeast exposure of the investigated areas at altitudes up to 1570 m, which also shows, according to previous research, that the largest quantity and coverage, as well as the greatest dimension, of Balkan maple are reached in subalpine vegetation. Balkan maple has great significance in terms of protecting the soil from erosion, improving ecological conditions for the survival of other plant species, and due to the increasing frequency of logging for the purpose of forming ski slopes, cable cars and power lines on our mountains, Balkan maple is becoming increasingly rare, so it needs to be given much more attention.

Antioksidativni i antimikrobni potencijal eteričnih ulja različitih vrsta bibera (Piper sp.)

Zahida Ademović, Emir Horozić — Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Essential oils are mixtures of potent compounds with biological effects, such as those with antioxidant, antimicrobial, antitumor and/or anti-inflammatory effects. In this paper, the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of different types of commercial pepper was tested. Essential oils are prepared by hydrodistillation. Polyphenol content, reduction potential and DPPH radical inhibition were analyzed. Antimicrobial activity was tested on reference strains using the diffusion technique. The analysis showed that the essential oil of black pepper has a significantly higher antioxidant potential compared to the essential oils of green and white pepper. High antimicrobial activity was also found for the black pepper essential oil sample, except in the case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Uporedne karakteristike lanaca snabdijevanja komprimovanim prirodnim gasom i drvnim gorivima

Srđan Vasković, Dušan Kozić, Goran Ašonja, Petar Gvero, Aleksandar Munjić — Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

In this paper, general characteristics related to the supply chain of compressed natural gas (eng. CNG - Compressed Natural Gas) are given. Compressed natural gas is stored in a compressed gas state in tanks (bottles), in contrast to liquefied natural gas (eng. LNG - Liquefied Natural Gas) in which natural gas is stored in liquid form. The production and storage of compressed natural gas is somewhat cheaper compared to liquid natural gas, with the fact that the storage volumes are different. From all of this, there is a need to analyze the supply chain with CNG from the aspect of the compression process, transportation and storage costs. This paper describes the process of exploitation of CNG as a fuel for the conditions of functioning of the supply chain in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Real data related to the process of compression, transportation and storage of natural gas were taken from the company: "Prvo gasno društvo, D.O.O. Zvornik". The paper analyzed the indicators of chain like as: energy efficiency, CO₂ emissions and production cost reduced per 1 kwh of energy expressed in the lower heat value (LHV) of the distributed fuel. Also, a short comparison the supply chains by CNG, wood pellets and chips as fuels are presented by MCDM method. From the aspect of transport logistics, CNG has significantly better predispositions compared to other supply chains of pellets and wood chips, taking into account the energy efficiency of its process as well as the cost of supply logistics itself. However, CNG belongs to the category of fossil fuels.

Balkanska endemska vaskularna flora planine Konjuh

Jasmina Kamberović, Šemso Šarić, Nermina Sarajlić, Edin Hadžimustafić — Mon, 31 Jul 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This paper presents data on the diversity and distribution of Balkan endemic vascular plants on the Konjuh Mountain in northeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina. Konjuh is characterized by geological heterogeneity and a significant proportion of ophiolitic substrate, which supports the development of endemic-relict serpentinophytes. A total of 31 endemic and four subendemic taxa were recorded in the surveyed area. Among these, Caryophyllaceae, with five recorded endemic taxa, is the most abundant family. The analysis of life forms and chorological spectra showed a dominance of hemicryptophytes and taxa from the South European and Mediterranean-Sub-Mediterranean chorological groups. The majority of endemic and relict taxa in the surveyed area are serpentinophytes. A total of 18 recorded taxa are listed as threatened according to the Red List of Flora of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The species findings are presented with a distribution map. The distribution range of endemic and endangered taxa in Konjuh extends beyond the protected area. The results provide a list of locations of particular interest for further research and potential protection due to the diversity of endemic taxa.