THE EFFECT OF SOIL SELENIUM FERTILIZATION TREATMENT ON THE CONTENT OF SOME IONS (Cd, Fe, Zn and Se) AND YIELD OF TWO CORN HYBRIDS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54652/rsf.2016.v1.i1.294Ključne riječi:
selenium fertilization, maize hybrid, metals, metalloids, soil propertiesSažetak
UDK 631.8(497.6 Čapljina)
The concentration and form of some metals and metalloids in soil is governed by many chemical and physical properties of soil as pH, redox, Fe, Al ions and soil composition. The paper studied presents influence of chemical soil properties, environment conditions and selenium fertilization rate applied on ions status of zinc, cadmium, selenium and iron in soil and plant material, as well as specific adsorption of these ions in two different maize hybrids. The study was conducted at the farm Vita-Vi Višići (Čapljina). The experiment design was a completely randomized design with two hybrids, four different fertilization treatments in four replications. The experimental area was implemented standard agricultural management practices of preparation, tillage, fertilization, application of protective agents. Hybrid NP Pako is selected in order to achieve a high yield, and M34 hybrid for quality yield. The test results and statistical analysis revealed no significant difference in the yield of hybrids combined with different fertilization treatments. Accumulation of selenium, zinc, cadmium and iron in upper ground plant part of maize was not affected by fertilization treatments or selected hybrid. The highest yield was achieved by hybrid M34 Pioneer of 37.6 t ha- 1and the highest yield was obtained in application of third fertilization treatment 20 kg NaSeO4ha-1, but without statistically significant differences comparing to other hybrid or applied treatments. The highest content of selenium in the plant was found in hybrid NP PAKO 0.06 mg Se kg-1 of dry matter of maize applying the fourth liquid fertilization treatment (20 kg Na2SeO4ha-1) but also without statistically significant difference comparing to other hybrid or fertilization treatment. Content of zinc, cadmium and iron in soil or plant material had not shown significant differences due to the applied fertilization or used maize hybrids, but some fluctuations were observed. Selenium fertilization did not have a limiting effect on the formation of the yield and tested elements, but its mobility and availability in soil and plant depends also on other factors as soil properties and climatic conditions of growing season.
References
Adiloglu, A., Adiloglu, S., Gonulsuz, E., Oner, N., 2005. Effect of zinc application on cadmium uptake of maize grown in zinc deficient soils. Pakistan J. of Biol. Science 8 (1): 10-12.
Adriano, D.C., 2001.Trace elements in terrestrial environments. Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
Antunović, Z., Steiner, Z., Steiner, Z., Šperanda, M., Domaćinović, M., Karavidović, P., 2005. Content of selenium and cobalt in soil, plants and animals in Eastern Slavonia. In: Proceedings XII International Conference Krmiva 2005, Opatija, Croatia, 6-9 June, p 204.
Basar, H., 2000. Factors affecting iron chlorosis observed in peach trees in the Bursa region. Turkish Jurnal of Agriculture and Forestry. Vol 24, p 237-245.
Bodek, I., Lyman, W. J., Reehl, W. F., Rosenblatt, D.H., 1988. Environmental Inorganic Chemistry: Properties. Processes. and Estimation Methods. SETAC Special Publication Series. B.T. Walton and R.A. Conway. editors. Pergamon Press. New York.
Chaney, R.L., 1988. Metal speciation and interaction among elements affect trace element transfer in agricultural and environmental food-chains, in Kramer, J.R. and Allen, H.E., eds., Metal Speciation: Theory, Analysis, and Application, Lewis Publications, Boca Raton, Fla., p. 219-259.
Cieslinski, G., Van Rees, K.C.J., Szmigielska, A.M., Krishnamurti, G.S.R., and Huang, P.M.: 1998. Plant Soil. [3] 203. 109–117.
Das, P., Samantaray, S., Rout G.R., 1997. Studies on cadmium toxicity in plants. A review. Environ. Pollut.. 98: 29-36.
Egner, H., Riehm, H., Domingo, W.R., 1960. Untersuchungenüber die ChemischeExtractionsmetodenzu Phosphor- und Kaliumbestimmung. K. Lantbr. Hogh.Annlr. W. R. 26, (199-215).
Fedotov, P.S., Mirò, M., 2008. Fractionation and mobility of trace elements in soils and sediments. In: A. Violante, P.M. Huang, G.M. Gadd. (eds). Biophysico-Chemical Processes of Heavy Metals and Metalloids in Soil Environments. WileyJupac Series, Vol 1 John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NY, pp: 467-520.
Gustafsson, J.P., Johnsson, L., 1992. Selenium retention in organic matter of Swedish forest soil. Journal Soil Sci. 43; 461-472.
Hart, J.J., Wlech, R.M., Norvell, W.A., Kochian, L.V., 2002. Transport interactions between cadmium and zinc in roots ob bread and durum weat seedlings. Physiol. Plant. 116: 37-78.
Huang, P.M., Gobran, G.R., 2005. Biogeochemistry of trace elements in the rhizosphere. Elsevier B.V. Amsterdam.
Jug, I., Vukadinović, V., Vukadinović, V., Drenjančević, M., 2008. Mapping of the Maize Crop Chlorosis by GIS Technology and Chlorophyll Meter. 43rd Croatian and 3rd International Symposium on Agriculture. http://sa.agr.hr/2008pdf/sa2008_0506.pdf (assessed in June 2008)
Kabata-Pendias, A. and H. Pendias. 1992. Trace Elements in Soils and Plants. 2nd ed. CRC Press. Boca Raton. 365 pp.
Kersten, M., 1988. Geochemistry of priority pollutants in anoxic sludges: Cadmium, arsenic, methyl mercury, and chlorinated organics, in Salomons, W., and Forstner, U., eds., Chemistry and biology of solid waste: Berlin, Springer-Verlag, p. 170-213.
Kiekens, L., 1995. Zinc. In: Alloway, B. (ed). Heavy metals in soils. Blackie Academic and Professional, London, pp. 284- 305
Kingstone, H.M., Jassie, LB., 1986. Microwave energy for acid decomposition at elevated temperatures and pressures using biological and botanical samples. Anal.Chem 58:2534-41.
Lucena, J.J., 2000. Effects of bicarbonate, nitrate and other enviromental factors on iron defficiency chlorosis: a rewiew. Jurnal of Plant nutrition. Vol 23, No. 11-12, p 1591-1606.
Maksimović, Z,, Djujić, I., Jović, V., Ršumović, M., 1992. Selenium defeciency in Serbia and possible effects on health. Bulletin T. CV de l`Académie des Sciences et des Arts. Classe des Sciences mathématiques et naturelles. Sciences naturelles No 33:65-83.
McLaughin, M.J., Palmer, L.T., Tiller, K.G., Beech, T.A., Smart, M.K., 1994. Incerased soil salinity couses elevated cadmium concentration in field grown potato tubers. J. environ. Qual.. 23: 1013-1018.
Mengel, K, Kirkby, E.A., Kosegarten, H., Appel, T., 2001. Principles of plant nutrition.
Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Muratović, S., Džomba, E, Čengić-Džomba, S., 2007. Selenium status u lactating cows fed organic and conventionally produced feed. Krmiva (Zagreb) 49(1):5-8.
Muratović, S., Džomba, E., Čengić-Džomba, S., Crnkić, Ć., 2005. Sadrzaj bakra u tlo- biljka-ovca lancu na Nisici (Copper content in soil-plant-sheep continuum at Nisici Plateeau). Krmiva (Zagreb) 47(2):59-63.
Neubauer, S. C., Emerson, D., Megonigal, J. P., 2007. Microbial oxidation and reduction of iron in the root zone and influences on metal mobility. In: Violante A, Huang P M, Gadd G M, eds. Biophysico-Chemical Processes of Heavy Metals and Metalloids in Soil Environments. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons.
Violante, A., Cozzolino, V., Perelomov, L., Caporale, A.G., Pigna, M., 2010. Mobility and biovailability of HM and metalloids in the soil. J. Soil. Sci. Plant Nutr. 10 (3): 268 – 292.
