Određivanje vitamina C u cvjetovima nekih bosanskohercegovačkih vrsta roda Crataegus L.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54652/rsf.2012.v42.i2.119Ključne riječi:
ascorbic acid, Crataegus, hawthorns, flowers, spectrophotometry, Vitamin CSažetak
UDK 582.711.714:577.164.2
543.42:577.164.2
U studiji su prikazani rezultati određivanja vitamina C u cvjetovima odabranih bosanskohercegovačkih vrsta glogova (Crataegus L). U ispitivanjima korištene su tri vrste i dva hibrida glogova i to: C. monogyna, C. rhipidophylla, C. microphylla, C.× macrocarpa i C.× subsphaerice.
Određivanje vitamina C u biljnim uzorcima je vršeno primjenom spektrofotometrijske metode, zasnovane na kinetičkoj reakciji askorbinske kiseline (AA) sa metilenskim plavim (MB+). Mjerenja intenziteta apsorpcije su vršena na apsorpcionom maksimumu, λmax = 665 nm. U studiji je korištena i poredbena titrimetrijska metoda analize sadržaja vitamina C zasnovana na jodimetrijskom određivanju uz indikator skrob.
Sadržaj vitamina C u ispitivanim uzorcima cvjetova različitih vrsta glogova se kretao u rasponu 617,07 – 1104 mg vitamina C na 100 g suhog uzorka cvijeta. Dobivene vrijednosti iskorištenja (recovery) za spektofotometrijsku metodu, su se kretale od 94% do 100,0%, dok je vrijednost relativne standardne devijacije (RSD) iznosila 4,5 % - 6,7 % u odnosu na referentnu metodu.
Iz dobivenih rezultata određivanja sadržaja vitamina C u ispitivanim uzorcima cvjetova odabranih vrsta glogova može se uočiti da su sadržaji vitamina C u svim ispitavanim uzorcima znatno visoki. Vrste C. rhipidophylla, C. monogyna kao i njihov hybrid C.× subsphaericea imaju dosta slične vrijednosti sadržaja vitamina C i veći u odnosu na druge ispitivane specije. C. macrocarpa po vrijednosti sadržaja vitamina C je dosta slična vrsti C. rhipidophylla. Najmanji sadržaj vitamina C je određen u cvijetu endemične vrste, C. microphylla i u odnosu na oficijelnu ljekovitu vrstu, C. monogyna, manji je za približno dva puta.
U odnosu na prethodna istraživanja autora određivanja sadržaja vitamina C u plodovima određenih vrsta glogova (TAHIROVIĆ ET AL., 2012), sadržaji vitamina C u plodovima i cvjetovima vrsta C. monogyna i C. microphylla se odnose obrnuto.
Dobiveni rezultati jasno ukazuju da su cvjetovi ispitivanih vrsta glogova i hibrida dobar izvor vitamina C. Rezultati su značajni s aspekta evaluacije kvaliteta glogova i njihove primjene u farmaceutskoj industriji.
References
AMMON, H.P.T., HANDEL, M. (1981): Crataegus, toxicology and pharmacology. Parts I- III. Planta Medica, 43: 1050-20, 209-39, 313-22.
AOAC International, official methods of analysis, 18th ed., AOAC International, Arlington, VA, 2005.
ARAYA, S. P., MAHAJAN, M., JAIN, P. (1998): Photometric methods for the determination of vitamin C. Analytical Sciences, 14: 889-894.
ARAYA, S. P., MAHAJAN, M., JAIN, P. (2000): Non-spectrophotometric methods for the determination of Vitamin C. Analytica Chimica Acta, 417: 1-14.
BAHORUN, T., TROTIN, F., POMMERY, J., VASSER, J., PINKAS, M. (1994): Antioxidant activities of Crataegus monogyna Extracts. Planta Medica, 60: 323-328.
BAHORUN, T., AUMJAND, E., RAMPHUL, H., RYEHA, M., LUXIMON-RAMMA, A., TROTIN, F. (2003): Phenolic constituents and antioxidant capacities of Crataegus monogyna (Hawthorn) callus extracts. Nahrung, 47 (3): 191-8.
BAJAJ, K.L., AND KAUR, G. (1981): Spectrophotometric determination of L-ascorbic acid in vegetable and fruits. Analyst, 106(1258): 117-20.
BARROS, L., CARVALHO, A.M., FERREIRA, C.F.R. (2011): Comparing the composition of bioactivity Crataegus monogyna flowers and fruits used in folk medicine. Phytochemical analysis, 22(2), 181-8.
BAŠIĆ, N. (2004): Morfološko-taksonomska istraživanja glogova (Crataegus L.) na području Bosne i Hercegovine. Magistarski rad. Sarajevo.
BECK, G. (1927): Flora Bosne, Hercegovine i oblasti Novoga Pazara. III. Choripetalae (Kaj): 169-172. Beograd-Sarajevo.
Bushway, R. J., KING, J. M., PERKINS, B. M., Krishnan, M. (1988): High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of ascorbic acid in fruits, vegetables and juices. Journal of Liquid Chromatography, 11: 3415 - 3423.
CHRISTENSEN, K. I. (1992): Revision of Crataegus Sect. Crataegus and Notosect. Crataegineae (Rosaceae-Maloideae) in the old world. Systematic Botany Monographs, 35: 1-199.
CHRISTENSEN, K. I., JANJIĆ, N. (2006): Taxonomic notes on European taxa of Crataegus (Rosaceae). Nordic Journal of Botany, 24: 143-147.
CUI, T., NAKAMURA, K., TIAN, S., KAYAHARA, H., TIAN, Y. L. (2006): Polyphenolic content and physiological activities of Chinese hawthorn extracts. Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 70 (12): 2948-56.
DAVEY, M. W., VAN MONTAGU, M., INZÉ, D., SANMARTIN, M., KANELLIS, A., SMIRNOFF, N., BENZIE, I. J. J., STRAIN, J. J., FAVELL, D., FLETCHER, J. (2000): Plant L-ascorbic acid: chemistry, function, metabolism, bioavailability and effects of processing. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 80, 825-860.
EGEA, I., SANCHEZ-BEL, P., RAMOJARO, F., PRETEL, M. T. (2010): Six edible wild fruits as potential antioxidant additives or nutritional supplements. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 65:121-129.
EITENMILLER, R. R., YE L., LANDEN, W. O. (2008): Vitamin analysis for the health and food sciences. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, UK, 231-274.
ENGLARD, S., SEIFTER, S. (1986): The biochemical functions of ascorbic acid. Annual Review of Nutrition, 6: 365-406.
FOYER, C.H., LELANDIAS, M., EDWARDS, E.A., MULLINEAUX, P. M. (1991): Current topics in plant physiology, 6, ASPP, Rockville, 131.
FREDERIK, R. AND KLENNER, M.D. (1971): Observation on the dose of vitamins and administration of ascorbic acid. Journal of Applied Nutrition, 23: 2-3
FUKAREK, P. (1974): Neke vrste drveća i grmlja koje su pogrešno navedene u Flori Bosne i Hercegovine i susjednih krajeva. ANU BiH-Radovi LIV, Odjeljenje prirodno-matematičkih nauka, 15: 45-60.
HANACK, T., BRUCKEL, M. H. (1983): The treatment of mild stable forms of angina pectoris using crategutt novo. Therapiewoche, 33: 4331-4333.
HANSEL, R., KELLER, K., RIMPLER, H., SCHNEIDER, G. (1992): Hagers Handbuch der Pharmazeutischen Praxis, Vol. 4, Drogen A-D, 5th ed., Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg: 1040-1062.
IGBAL, K, KHAN, A., KHATAK, M.A.K (2004): Biological significance of ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) in human health – A review. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 3(1): 5-13.
JANJIĆ, N. (1998): Neki zanimljivi dendrološki nalazi iz sarajevskog područja. Radovi Šumarskog Fakulteta Univerziteta u Sarajevu, 28(1): 85-103.
JANJIĆ, N. (2002): Nova kombinacija u lepezolisnog ili krivočašičnog gloga, Crataegus rhipidophylla Gand. (Rosaceae). Radovi Šumarskog Fakulteta Univerziteta u Sarajevu, 32(1): 1-7.
KLEIN, B.P., AND PERRY, A.K. (1982): Ascorbic acid and vitamin A activity in selected vegetables from different geographical areas of the United States. Journal of Food Science, 47: 941-945.
MALÝ, K. (1919): Prilozi za floru Bosne i Hercegovine 5 i 6. Glasnik Zemaljskog Muzeja BiH, Sarajevo, 31: 61-92.
MALÝ, K. (1940): Notizen zur Flora von Bosnien-Herzegovina. Glasnik Zemaljskog Muzeja BiH, Sarajevo, 52: 21-46.
MARCUS, R. AND COULSTON, A.M. (2001): The Vitamins: In: Goodman and Gilmans The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 10th ed., Hardman J.G. and Limbirb LE (eds), Mcgraw-Hill Co., USA, pp: 1767-1771.
MOWRY, S., ORGEN, P. J. (1999): Kinetics of methylene blue reduction by ascorbic acid, Journal of Chemical Education, 76(7): 970-974.
OGULNESI, M., OKIEI, W., AZEEZ, L., OBAKACHI, V., OSUNSANMI, M., NKENCHOR, G.
(2010): Vitamin C contents of tropical vegetables and foods determined by voltammetric and titrimetric methods and their relevance to the medicinal uses of the plants. International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 5: 105-115.
PEREZ-RUIZ, T., MARTINEZ-LOZANO, K., TOMAS, V., PENOL, J. (2001): Fluorimetric
determination of total ascorbic acid by a stopped flow mixing technique. Analyst, 126, 1436-1439.
RASANU, N., MAGEARU, V., MATEI, N., SOCEANU, A. (2005): Determination of Vitamin C in different stages of fruits growing. Analele Universitatatii din Bucuresti- Chimie, Annual XIV, Vol. 1-11: 167-172.
SVEDSTROM, U., VUORELA, U.H., KOSTIAINEN, R., LAAKSO, I., HILTUNEN, R. (2006): Fractionation of polyphenols in hawthorn into polymeric procyanidins, phenolic acids and flavonoids prior to high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis. Journal of Chromatography, 1112: 103-111.
SZETO, Y.T., TOMLINSON, B., BENZIE, I.F. (2002): Total antioxidant and ascorbic acid content of fresh fruits and vegetables: implications for dietary planning and food preservation. The British Journal of Nutrition, 87 (1): 55-9.
TAHIROVIĆ, A., ČOPRA-JANIĆIJEVIĆ, A., BAŠIĆ, N., VIDIC, D., KLEPO L., DELIĆ, D. (2012): Determination of Vitamin C in some Bosnian Crataegus L. species by spectrophotometric method. Works of Faculty of Forestry University of Sarajevo, 42(1): 43-55.
URBONAVICIUTE, A., JAKSTAS, V., KORNISOVA, O., JANULIS, V., MARUSKA, A. (2006): Capillary electrophoretic analysis of flavonoids in single-styled hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jacq.) ethanolic extracts. Journal of Chromatography, 1112: 339-344.
VEVERIS, M., KOCH, E., CHATTERJEE S.S. (2004): Crataegus special extract WS®1442 improves cardiac function and reduce infarct size in a rat model of prolonged coronary ischemia and reperfusion. Life Science, 74: 1945-1955.
WHO/FAO (2004): Vitamin and mineral requirements in human nutrition. Second edition, World Health Organisation and Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations, Sung-Fung, China, Chapter 7, 130-139.
ZAPIE JAN, G. (2001). Clinical efficacy of Crataegus extracts WS®1442 in congestive heart failure NYHA class II. Phytomedicine, 8: 262-266.
ZENG, W., MARTINUZZI, F., MAC GREGOR, A. (2005): Development and application of a novel UV method for the analysis of ascorbic acid. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedicine Analysis. 36(5): 1107-1111.
