Sadržaj fenolnih jedinjenja u iglicama Cryptomeria japonica (Thunb. ex L. f.) D. Don, Cupressocyparis × leylandii (A.B. Jacks. & Dallim.) Dallim. “Castlewellan Gold“ i Sequoiadendron giganteum (Lindl.) J. Buchholz
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54652/rsf.2014.v44.i2.100Ključne riječi:
Cupressaceae, giant sequoia, gymnosperm, Leyland cypress, phenolic compounds, spectrophotometry, sugiSažetak
UDK: 581.19:547.56:582.477
Prisustvo različitih fenolnih jedinjenja kod četinara je dosta dobro dokumentirano, ali se mnogo više pažnje posvećivalo izučavanju terpenoida i esencijalnih ulja te njihovoj primjeni. Porodica Cupressaceae nije izuzetak. Ukupni sadržaj fenola, flavonoida (flavona i flavonola) izražen preko katehina/kvercetina kao standarda, te proantocijanidina u metanolnim ekstraktima iglica zrelih stabala Cryptomeria japonica, Cupressocyparis × leylandii „Castewellan Gold“ i Sequoiadendron giganteum je kvantitativno određen spektrofotometrijskim putem. Srednje vrijednosti očitanih koncentracija ukupnih fenola iznosile su 8.18 i 8.47 mg CE/g DW za S. giganteum i C. × leylandii, dok su za C. japonica bile skoro dvostruko veće (14.93 mg CE/g DW). Srednje vrijednosti koncentracija ukupnih flavonoida izraženih preko katehina, kao standarda, kod S. giganteum (0.73 mg CE/g DW) i C. × leylandii (0.70 mg CE/g DW) su isto bile dosta ujednačene ali i nešto veće nego kod C. japonica (0.52 mg CE/g DW). Srednje koncentracije ukupnih flavonoida izraženih preko kvercetina, kao standarda, su bile dosta ujednačene za S. giganteum (0.55 mg QE/g DW) i C. japonica (0.47 mg QE/g DW), dok su kod C. × leylandii bile upola manje (0.24 mg QE/g DW). Srednje vrijednosti ukupnih proantocijanidina za S. giganteum i C. × leylandii (7.31 i 6.37 mg CE/g DW) su bile dosta bliske ali i dvostruko manje od očitanih vrijednosti za C. japonica (15.22 mg CE/g DW). Iako postoji izražena intraspecijska varijabilnost na osnovu istraživanih grupa jedinjenja, Duncanov test je pokazao da se C. japonica jasno razlikuje od druge dvije analizirane svojte, i to naročito na osnovu ukupnih proantocijanidina i fenola. S druge strane, S. giganteum i C. × leylandii su se jedino međusobno razlikovale na osnovu ukupnih koncentracija flavonoida izraženih preko kvercetina kao standarda. Kod sve tri ispitivane svojte proantocijanidini su imali najveću varijabilnost. Odnos i relativno visok sadržaj analiziranih fenolnih jedinjenja kod istraživanih svojti ukazuje na to da se oni mogu smatrati potencijalnim hemotaksonomskim karakterima i vrijednim izvorima antioksidanata, što bi se trebalo potvrditi daljnjim istraživanjem. Dobiveni podaci ukazuju da bi u budućim istraživanjima bilo potrebno povećati broj individua, populacija i vrsta unutar porodice Cupressaceae; primjeniti metode za kvantifikaciju izoliranih fenolnih jedinjenja; procijeniti njihova bioaktivna svojstva; te pratiti temporalnu dinamiku i promjene koncentracija fenolnih jedinjenja u mladim i starim listovima.
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